AFB-GPSR: Adaptive Beaconing Strategy Based on Fuzzy Logic Scheme for Geographical Routing in a Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET)

In mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs), geographical routing provides a robust and scalable solution for the randomly distributed unrestricted movement of nodes. Each node broadcasts beacon packets periodically to exchange its position with neighboring However, reliable beacons can negatively affect performance in dynamic environments, particularly when there is sudden rapid change nodes’ mobility. Therefore, this paper suggests an improved Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing Protocol, namely AFB-GPSR, reduce overhead increase network reliability by maintaining correct route selection. To end, adaptive beaconing strategy based on fuzzy logic scheme (AFB) utilized choose more optimal routes data forwarding. Instead constant periodic beaconing, AFB dynamically adjust interval time variation three parameters: speed, one-hop neighbors’ density, link quality The evaluation proposed protocol carried out using OMNeT++ simulation experiments. results show that within GPSR effectively improve packet-delivery ratio, throughput, average end-to-end delay, normalized load as compared traditional protocols (AODV fixed beaconing). An enhancement ratio up 14% achieved, cost reduced 35%. Moreover, AFB-GPSR exhibits good versus state-of-the-art MANET.